Mill for removing the shells of grain and the like.



A. GM EINDER.

MILL FOR REMOVING THE SHELLS 0F GRAIN AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-3, 1914.

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MILL FOR REMOVING THE SHELLS 0F GRAIN AND THE LIKE.

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Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

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A. GMEINDER.

MILL FOR REMOVING THE SHELLS 0F GRAIN AND THE LIKE- APPLICATION FILED AUG.3, I914.

- 1,220,090. Patented Mar; 20, 1917.

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.anron GMEINDER, or MOSBACI-I, ZBADEN, GERMANY.

MILL FOR REMOVING THE SHELLS OF GRAIN AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 20, 191 7.

Application filed August 3, 1914. Serial No. 854,847.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTON GMEINDER, engineer, a resident of Mosbach, Baden, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mills for Removing the Shells of Grain and the like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to mills for cleaning and separating the shells of grains and other cereals in a wet state and has for its purpose improvements in such mills. It is one objectof my invention to free the grain from its husks in a highly quick and perfect manner without injuring it during its treatment; another object of my invention is to dry the grain when husking it. It is a still further object of my invention to insure some constructional improvements in connection with the machines serving for this purpose.

To make my invention clear and that it may be fully understood I have annexed drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatical side view partly in section of a mill according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1 seen in the direction of the arrow 00.

Fig. 3 is a detail in plan on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 is a development of the detail of the mill in plan illustrating the path of the grain when treated and Fig. 5 is the same development in a front view.

Letters a and a designate two side frames having a distinct distance from each other. Arranged between and rigidly secured to these frame walls are several casings or drums. There are three drums B B B into the drum B. 0 and 0 are tubings forming a communication between the drums B and B and B B respectively. The tubes or hoppers for charging a drum with and discharging the grains from it are arranged at opposite ends of this drum. The casing B, at its lower side, is provided with holes or borings b permitting the water adhering to the grains and separated therefrom to drop into a channel 6 Through each drum passes a shaft D, D and D respectively. The above described drum is well known.

According to the invention each shaft carries blades particularly constructed for re- 0 p is a tubing for the introduction of the grains fer from the blades of the first group by forming a great number of relatively short even pieces, arranged at'an angle or toward the shaft D; the blades, having an angle a, impart when turning, to the grain a forward V movement, 2'. c. in the direction of the arrow 410 These blades may! therefore be named forwarding blades.

The blades of the third groupl are lettered i and they form an angle (3 with the shaft D; the grain, when submitted to the action of the blades 2', is moved in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow x 2. e. backward through the drum B. These blades therefore may be characterized as backward blades. Now it is important to have a resulting movement of the grain in the forward sense through the drum, for this reason the angle a is made larger than the angle (5. If it is desired to have the grain treated within the drum B for a long period of time the difference of both the angles cx and 3 may be made correspondingly small. Practical attempts have shown highly satisfactory results when the difi'erence amounts to about three degrees.

The drums B and B are provided with blades constructed and arranged in the same manner as before described.

This mill acts as follows:

The drum B is charged at its righthand end with the grains; the shaft D revolves at a high speed in the direction y and the drum is completely filled in with the grains. To facilitate the understanding of the action, the path of a single grain through the drum B is followed. This grain is designated 75 and it is supposed that it be in contact with a blade it. During the revolution of this blade through a small angle the grain moves in the direction of the arrow a and arrives at 70 The amount of the forward movement is .9 Under the influence of the centrifugal power the grain at the same time passes in a radial direction and gets over the outer edge of the blade it. Now the grain is submitted to the action of the following blade 6 parallel with the shaft 6, it presses the grain only toward the inner wall of the drum B, causing thereby the husks partly to be separated from the grain. As soon as the grain has passed over the outer edge of the blade 6 it comes under the action of the next blade 71. Now, this blade imparts to the grain a movement in the direction of the arrow 00 contrary to the direction 00 but smaller than the length 8 because the angle of the blade 2' is smaller than the angle 7. of the blade h.

This process takes place again and again sothat the theoretical path of a grain would be characterized by a broken line .9 when describing the circumference of the drum B one time. If this broken line is replaced by a continuous line, it results in a path once around the drum, which may be represented approximately by the line 8 and around the whole drum from one end to the other the grain shows the path of a helix having a very small pitch. Owing to this peculiar movement of the wet grains through the different drums B B B and their friction along the walls of the drums, a gradual and perfect separation of the husks takes place without the grain being crushed or otherwise injured. The walls of the drums can be made artificially rough by-providing, as it is well known numerous small depressions a in the walls.

The husks separated from the grain are sucked up by a pipe 972., in communication by connecting tubings m with the different drums. To increase the drying action of the mill apertures a are provided in the frame wall a passing into the drums B and B and permitting the atmospheric air to pass into the drums. At 0 the dried and shelled grain is discharged.

For imparting to the grain distinct degree of humidity as required by the nature of the grain to be treated there is a further improvement. at is a channel provided with a worm 71. n designates a water pipe. The bottom a of the channel is perforated and arranged below is a discharging pipe a The grain passes through a funnel n into the channel n and the water flows from the pipe 77. into the latter. The worm a revolves and in accordance with its number of revolutions the grain is passed along the channel, thus causing it to be submitted to the water for a distinct and prescribed period of time.

It may be mentioned, that any desired number of drums and blades within the I am aware that mills have become known,

which show forward and retarding blades,

furthermore such mills, in which rubbing blades are in combination with forwarding blades; therefore, I do not claim such feature or arrangement but only the combination and construction as indicated in the following claims.

What I claim is:

1. A mill for separating the husks from grains in a wet state comprising in combination with a fixed drum, a shaft coaxially arranged within the said drum, blades carried by the said shaft and constructed to form three different groups of blades, the blades of the first group being parallelly arranged with the shaft, the blades of the second group forming such an angle with the shaft as to move the grain in a forward direction and the blades of the third group forming an angle with the shaft as to move the grain in backward direction through the drum, the groups of blades alternating with each other and the angle of the forward blades being somewhat larger than the angle of the backward blades, means for wetting the grain and means for charging into and discharging the grain from the drum.

2. A mill for drying grains and separating their husks comprising in combination with at least one drum, standards rigidly connected with the drum and closing its ends, a shaft passing through the drum, blades provided for within that drum and carried by the shaft, the blades being constructed to form three different and distinct groups, each group having a great number of blades, the blades of the first group being parallel with the shaft, the blades of the second group forming such an angle with the shaft as to move the grain in a forward direction and the blades of the third group forming an angle with the shaft as to move the grain in backward direction through the drum, the angle of the forward blades being somewhat larger than the angle of the backward blades and sucking pipes in communication with the drums and serving for carrying away the separated husks.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

ANTON GMEINDER.

Witnesses FRITZ BERG, ANDR. HEER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. O. 

